Quote:
Originally Posted by Nereid
How many peaks did Tifft find?
What is the status of all the peaks other than 72.15?Indeed. If we use this definition, or understanding, then every galaxy has a 'redshift range' rather than a single redshift. Further, this range is far greater than what we might call the 'instrument factor' (i.e. how accurately and precisely the telescope/spectrograph can measure a wavelength). To the extent that the spectrum of different parts of a galaxy can be obtained, at least part of the galaxy's 'redshift range' can be seen to be due to integration over different regions, each with its own (much smaller) 'redshift range'.
What, for the purposes of inputs to "Harmonics theory" analyses, galaxy redshifts did/do you use?Has the rtomes version of this idea been published? If so, where?
If not, would you please state how, in the rtomes idea, "the mass of particles" varies with time ... quantitatively?Indeed. It seems clear, to me at least, that we aren't even at first base ... common understanding of key terms used at the input stage (the redshift of a galaxy, for example).
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I already listed all the periodicities that I know of that Tifft reported in the 1970s. Subsequently he developed a theory and then began to find additional periods related to that theory. I have ignored that later work as possibly being selective.
The Tomes list from the Harmonics Theory was originally posted to usenet in 1994. It was also on my web site from that time. I repeat this original list here now.
Quote:
The 72km/s red-shift quantisation of inferred galaxy
velocities is explained and a number of other quantisations
predicted. This paper is more easily understood after
reading the author's earlier paper:-
RT103 Harmonic Theory Overview.
That paper shows how, in non-linear systems satisfying
certain conditions, a particular pattern of harmonics will
develop from a fundamental frequency. Particularly
powerful harmonics are predicted for frequencies of 2880
and 34560 of the original. Other powerful harmonics are
predicted at these multiplied by and divided by small
integers, particularly 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 12.
Under the harmonic theory, the most common harmonic is 2.
For this reason, the distance over which a red-shift
exactly doubles a wavelength is very important, because
doubling the wavelength is the same as halving the
frequency. Halving the frequency means that when combined
with the predicted harmonic structure which includes a
harmonic of twice the original frequency, we have feed-back
of energy. This relationship allows a dynamic equilibrium
of energy in the universe.
The distance over which wavelengths double is
c ln 2
------ (where H is the Hubble constant)
H
and the interpreted velocity of recession at this distance
is c ln 2 which is 207,800.297 km/s. The most important
harmonics predicted are 2880 and 34560 which correspond
respectively therefore to apparent recession velocities of
72.1528809 and 6.01274008 km/s. The first may be
interpreted as the galactic cluster quantum and the second
as the galaxy quantum. The first has been extensively
reported with values stated to be of 72 and 72.4km/s.
See the many papers by Tifft and Arp and their references.
Below is a spectrum of the more important harmonics and
the predicted apparent recession velocities.
I have found evidence of several others of these in data
on galaxies, and so have others such as Arp.
The predicted quantisations are not strictly in the
velocities, but rather in delta log(1+z). This has also
been pointed out by Arp. For harmonic number h, the value
of delta log(1+z) is ln (2^(1/h)) or more simply (ln 2)/h.
The values for the velocity quanta are for the first order
only, and vary for higher orders.
Harmonic delta delta
Number log(1+z) velocity
(km/s)
1 .693147 207800. *
2 .346573 103900.
4 .173286 51950.1
6 .115524 34633.4
8 .0866433 25975.0
12 .0577622 17316.7 *
16 .0433216 12987.5
24 .0288811 8658.34 *
48 .0144405 4329.17
72 .00962704 2886.11
96 .00722028 2164.59
144 .00481352 1443.06
192 .00361014 1082.29
288 .00240676 721.529
576 .00120338 360.764
1152 .000601690 180.382
1440 .000481352 144.306
2880 .000240676 72.1529 *
5760 .000120338 36.0764
8640 .0000802253 24.0510
11520 .0000601690 18.0382
17280 .0000401126 12.0255
23040 .0000300845 9.01911
34560 .0000200563 6.01274 *
51840 .0000133709 4.00849
69120 .0000100281 3.00637 *
103680 .00000668544 2.00425
The quanta marked with an asterisk are the most powerful
predicted harmonics. There are very many lesser ones not
listed here. These predicted redshift periodicities are shown
in the figure below.
Since I first calculated these values, there have been
reports of a 37.6+-2.0 km/s quantum (cf. 36.1 predicted)
and a number of reports of values from .0565 to .060 c
(cf. predicted .0578 c). I have found the 8660 km/s
(or .0289 c) quantum in tables of galactic red-shifts
on several occasions.
It is my intention to obtain a large database of galaxy
red-shifts and look for the details of this structure in
the data. I am announcing the expected results in advance
here (as above) and will report again once the analysis
is complete.
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Shortly after I made this comment:
Quote:
Following the "publication" of my paper RT107 on usenet in sci.astro
I had intended to analyse a large sample of galaxies for evidence
of the quantisation predicted by the Harmonic Theory.
I followed up a reference, given by Donald C Wells in response
to my paper, by W G Tifft in Astrophysical Journal Vol 221 Pg 756-775
1978 May 1. The result was a mixture of amazement and elation.
Sixteen years ago Tifft discovered not only the 72 km/s quantum,
but also quanta of 36 km/s, 24 km/s, 12 km/s, and mentions
possible 6 and 3 km/s ones also. This compares extremely well
with my list of predicted quanta of 144, 72, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6,
4, and 3 km/s. After corresponding with W Tifft, he has further
reported that red shifts of 146-72-36-18-9 km/s and eight other
such families have been found. He was of the opinion that this
is the result of chaos theory, but I believe that the pattern is
exactly in line with my theory and cannot be predicted by chaos.
A chi-square test of the predictions versus the values found by
Tifft shows such a good co-incidence has a probability of about
1 in 10^31 (sorry this isn't exact, but my chi-square table doesn't
go anywhere near that far).
This is a success for the harmonic theory, and a
tribute to the skills of Tifft and others in the observation and
analysis of the data. He was also able to determine very
accurately the true motion of the solar system, because this
introduces a bias into the quantised field of red shifts.
Tifft's accurate determination was 72.135 km/s, compared to my
prediction of 72.153 km/s. (His stated error is ~ 0.01 km/s)
...
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In other papers Tifft mentions 2.67 km/s also.
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