I have a copy of the article from Science.
1. The authors' analysis is consistent with a texture which unwound at about z=6, "after reionization...and potentially within reach of very deep galaxy or quasar surveys."
2. The authors claim that in their texture plus Gaussian CMB model, the spot would have been caused by a "time-dependent gravitational potential" and we would not see any "associated CMB polarization" whereas if the spot is a "rare statistical fluctuation in the primordial density", they would expect us to see a "radial pattern" of polarization around the spot.
3. They expect there to be "many smaller texture spots" which, again, could be distinguished from CMB density fluctuations by studying polarization.
4. They claim that a texture at z=6 would gravitationally lens objects behind it and also "lens the second-order CMB anisotopies."