Waves moving through an isotropic field move smoothly. Anisotropy refracts waves. Waves are anisotropic. High anisotropy equals high energy. The geometry and anisotropy of some waves is such that the strong anisotropc effects of part of the wave refracts other parts of the wave and vice versa in a geometric harmony so that the wave sort of chases its own tail. This can be visualized as something of a pucker in a field. A high energy, (relatively) stationary wave is strongly anisotropic internal to itself and exerts a weaker and in a vastly broader spacial extent relative to its strong internal anisotropy a weak anisotropic effect on the isotropic field around it createing a field of anisotropy more anisotropc near it than that farther from the pucker. This can be visualized as the "pucker" "pulling" on the field.

The anisotropic field around a pucker refracts waves towards the pucker.

The pucker is generaly stationary. But the wave chasing its tail that composes the pucker is in motion. The pucker will remain stationary or at rest unless the internal wave is refracted by an anisotropic change in the isotropy of the field in which it rests and/or of which it is composed. This resistance to change in direction unless there is an anisotropic change in the surrounding field defines its mass.

Action occurs when two or more puckers also refracting waves towards themselves interact. Two or more puckers, themselves waves existing in each others anisotropic fields, refract towards each other. Gravity then is the natural refraction of waves moving through an anisotropic field.. Refraction occurs equaly in opposite directions. The anisotropy of the field is proportional to the energy of the waves composing the pucker or collection of puckers. and since the puckers and their anisotropic effects exist in a three dimetional space. is inversly proportional to the cube root of the distance to their centers outside of a certain distance from the centers.

Some waves are high energy and tightly constrained spacially. They are the pucker waves or particles. Others are low energy and more difuse spacially. They are the electromagnetic waves.

The geometry of the anisotropic effect of some puckers harmonize with the geometry and anisotropic effects of other puckers so that puckers can gather and chase each others tails. Concievably a pucker could have a geometry of anisotropic effects that harmonizes with a number of puckers of varying geometries. This could be the "gluon.

The electromagnetic wave or electron normally moves smoothly in harmony with the anisotropic effect surrounding a collection of puckers. But the electron moves all over the anisotropic field and the anisotropic effects of a collection of puckers is not neccesarilly smooth. It passes through the strong anisotropy near or even into the collection of puckers. The anisotropy near and in the collection of puckers is strongly anisotropic and irregularly anisotropic. I liken this as a truck traveling around a gently winding mountain road. But sometimes it has to go around "Dead Man's Curve". Normally the electron can take the curve but if the energy of the electron or payload of the truck is above a certain quantity then harmony with the anisotropy of the field is lost and the payload flys off the truck or the excess energy flys off the electron.

The truck can load up at any rate or the electron can absorb energy at any harmonic frequency. But the load will always fall off when it is above a certain quantity when it goes around "dead man's curve".

Refraction is implicitly a slowing of the wave or a change in frequency. The anisotropy of the field is anisotropic in time as well as space. Depending on the element involved, and the concurrent variable of the geometry of its anisotropic field, the energy that went in will take a variable amount of time to leave the atom. This variable slowing causes the characteristic color of light emitted by various elements. Regardless of the frequency of the light input the frequency and energy emitted or the payload of the truck is always the same for that particular element.

Waves in this harmony with each other are called baryonic matter. Dark matter is waves that don't harmonize with baryonic matter but do cause anisotropic refraction of baryonic matter.