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In reply to SpaceMan Spiff's comment: That you've grossly over-interpreted the findings of this study and that this thread is quickly heading toward the ATM section.
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Observations that cannot be explained by the standard model are not ATM.
Arp's theory and mechanism is not correct as noted in the forum. (See Arp thread in ATM.) If Arp was on the right track there are a number of changes required in that hypothesized mechanism, to explain for example observations such as the alpha forest observations or high redshift galaxies that have quasars associated with them.
The anomalous galactic and intergalactic magnetic fields may or may not be a hint to the underlying mechanism.
This review article notes there is no standard accepted mechanism that explains how galactic and intergalactic magnetic fields are created. (The magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) mechanisms, where plasma kinetic energy is converted over time to magnetic energy appears to be theoretically flawed.) This review paper includes some possible primordial hypothesized mechanisms that could create galactic and extra-galactic magnetic fields.
http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0009061
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The origin of the magnetic fields observed in the galaxies and in the clusters of galaxies is unknown. This is an outstanding problem in modern cosmology and, historically, it was the first motivation to look for a primordial origin of magnetic fields. Some elaborated magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) mechanisms have been proposed to amplify very weak magnetic fields into the μG fields generally observed in galaxies (see Sec.1.1). These mechanisms, known as galactic dynamo, are based on the conversion of the kinetic energy of the turbulent motion of the conductive interstellar medium into magnetic energy.
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Today, the efficiency of such a kind of MHD engines has been put in question both by improved theoretical work and new observations of magnetic fields in high redshift galaxies (see Sec.1.2). As a consequence, the mechanism responsible for the origin of galactic magnetic fields has probably to be looked back in the remote past, at least at a time comparable to that of galaxy formation. Furthermore, even if the galactic dynamo was effective, the origin of the seed fields which initiated the processes has still to be identified.
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Even more mysterious is the origin of magnetic fields in galaxy clusters. These fields have been observed to have strength and coherence size comparable to, and in some cases larger than, galactic fields. In the standard cold dark matter (CDM) scenario, structure formation clusters form by aggregation of galaxies. It is now understood that magnetic fields in the inter-cluster medium (ICM) cannot form from ejection of the galactic fields (see Sec.1.2). Therefore, a common astrophysical origin of both types of fields seems to be excluded. Although, independent astrophysical mechanisms have been proposed for the generation of magnetic fields in galaxies and clusters, a more economical and conceptually satisfying solution would be to look for a common cosmological origin. (My comment: Cosmological processes that create magnetic fields in the early universe.)
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