I'm not going to get into all of Arp's arguments as there is the thread Cougar indexed many moons ago, and it seemed that several points were indefensible, even though others had some merit. Not caving on indefensible points never carries much weight anywhere, as is the scientific norm.
There is however, evidence from the growing body of pulsar data, that high redshift objects with large gravitational redshifts, not just velocity derived redshifts, can reach escape velocity and more from any galaxy, whether nearby, or distant. Typical escape velocity from a galaxy runs in the hundreds of kilometers per second, depending upon the location of the the core collapse supernova relative to the central bulge....somewhere between ~250 km/sec on the periphery and 600 km/sec closer to the bulge depending on whose model you choose. The largest transverse velocities observed in pulsar surveys, and incidental measurements far exceed these values. pete
see;
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/diamond_...mb/node12.html