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Originally Posted by Michael Mozina
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Originally Posted by The Bad Astronomer
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Originally Posted by Michael Mozina
Actually I'm pretty sure it creates the hydrogen and it doesn't really hang on to it. The helium however is another very interesting issue. That element only seems to form in the presense of a supernova explosion,
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Now I must admit this statement has me baffled. How does the Sun create hydrogen, the simplest element there is? Or are you saying it's created as a byproduct of some other reactions, and does not occur "naturally" in the Sun, that is, primordially? Am I missing another explanation? |
From BBSO images, I would have to say that hydrogen seems to be created in the calcium ferrite interactions at the "surface". In other words, the electrical activity from the surface ionizes the ferrite and in this process hydrogen is created. That calcium ferrite interaction does seem to be generating these ions. That hydrogen is a byproduct of the electrical activity and calcium/ferrite interactions. There are of course other elements involved and seen in the SERTS data, so it could be more complex than simply ferrite ionization that releases the hydrogen. Either way, its a byproduct IMO, not a core element. |
Fissioning of elements lower than iron on the periodic table takes energy input, rather than the series after iron which can release energy on fissioning. While alpha-particle emission can be a source of helium (alpha particles being emitted in certain radioactive decay), and radioactive decay products can include free neutrons which decay into a proton, an electron, and a neutrino, some hydrogen production would therefore not be entirely impossible. One should expect higher neutrino counts to account for the ionized solar wind with a greater than 90% constituency of hydrogen nuclei, and an 8% helium composition. as well as an appropriate ratio of radioactive and decay products. To be produced in a "ferrite alloy" layer, it would at least have to be composed in part of iron-60, as lower atomic weight iron nuceli are stable, and its decay products (cobalt-60 and eventually nickel-60) should be measured in appropriate abundances in the sun if this is an ongoing and stable process accounting for hydrogen and helium production.
However, while production of hydrogen and helium nuclei may be technically possible, there is not a known mechanism for fissioning elements based on electrical charges, and considering iron and below require more energy to fission than is initially required to fuse them into nuclei, this is a net energy loss situation. Neutron collision and antimatter interaction can fission elements, but electrical interaction has not been shown to do the same. Accelerating beta particles (free electrons) to extremely high speeds and colliding them with targets can produce a shower of particles, but it is doubtful that this would be either consistent or stable for the production of the proportions of hydrogen and helium.
It is also not certain that the decay of iron-60, which releases an electron (beta particle) and not a neutron and subsequently a proton, as required for creation of hydrogen nuclei. Iron-59, a synthetic isotope with a decay time of 44 days, undergoes the same decay. Actually, all isotopes of calcium and silicon as well undergo beta-decay, releasing an electron. What about neon? There are no unstable isotopes of neon.
Lacking a fission method of producing hydrogen nuclei, and having no mechanism for electronic or magnetic interaction to fission stable nuclei, there appears to be a dearth of methods for producing the hydrogen abundance in the sun and solar wind.