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Originally Posted by Astrobairn
No the primary reason we assume the Sun is full of Hyrdrogen and Helium is that its spectrum shows a lot of both of them. We also assume Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the Universe because even excluding the stars there are still massive clouds of the stuff both in our Galaxy and inbetween galaxies.
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When you say "It shows a lot of both of them", what you really mean is that we see a lot of it. That really doesn't tell us what is there, only what is SHINING during the time of our measurements of the photons we collect. Spitzer is opening up the universe to all new spectrums of energy and it finds iron and silicon as far back in time as it can see, just like Hubble.
Again, there are two basic premises that unpin the gas model. The first premise is that the BB produced all matter, and the second one being that counting photon emissions will give us an accurate representation of solar composition. I see no way to justify either assumption based on current technology.