To Nereid
Your questions will rquire some research. So I will not be able to reply for a few days, but I will answer.

To Sidmel
Sidmel quote
While I don’t agree with all of cyrek1’s ideas, I do think that in many of his posts the content of what he is trying to say doesn’t always come across clearly. In this case ‘collapse’ seems to have come across wrong. Nebulae may collapse back on
themselves to form new suns and planet (and the sun collapse from the out the
proto steller nebula, if you will), but the individual atoms themselves aren’t collapsing,
which I think is his real point. In this case, the matter simply coalescences to form a
new solar structure, cyrek1 is focusing more on subatomic structure.

My thought, cyrek1 can discount me if I misunderstood his post.

cyrek reply
I was referring to the Universe and the counter forces that prevent its collapse.

Interstellar gas clouds that condense to form stars, do not have any or sufficient momentum to counter this condensation. I also wrote an article on this process in the past that these condensations are given an electric (coulomb) boost to assist these star formations.

As the central gases heat during this process, some electrons start skipping to the outer cooler gases. This creates a positively charged central region which then draws the outer gases toward this central region to strengthen and speed up the condensation.

My conclusion is that gravity alone does not have sufficient force to cause these star condensations.

__________________
aka Michael Cyrek