The students will be given this note June 6, 2006

It is my belief that I have discovered the long sought for Unified Field Theory. If I am right, then this represents a major advancement in theoretical physics. What is called modern physics will become 19th-century physics and a whole new era of physics will begin.

Such a claim deserves skepticism.

Be skeptical, if what is presented does not make sense, question it.

You will be asked to decide if the model presented seems valid to you. If you do, I will be asking you to help me have others with a more extensive knowledge and experience in physics to seriously review the work.

I want to present a paper for the members of the American Astronomical Society this coming January. The paper will take about 45 minutes explain. I will show that there is no need for Dark Energy to describe the relationship between the observed brightness of Type 1a supernovas and their corresponding cosmological red shift.

I will also show that the model can eliminate the necessity for Dark Matter.

I will also show how this theoretical model establishes the foundation for a Unified Field theory.

If you think the theory deserves a serious review, then please contact Kelli Gilmore at the American Astronomical Socity. Email address is . gilmore@aas.org

Kelli Gilmore is a part of the Committee that decides what topics and speakers will be invited at the next meeting. Technically, we are a few days past the date for application but the members of the committee are still being assembled.

Please, if you honestly think others more experienced in the field should review the theory, make the request.

If want to review and evaluate the reactions others may have to this presentation, I have tried to include most, if not all that will be presented to you today at a web site called Bad Astronomy and Universe Today.

The direct link is
Critiques of Presentation of Uniform Expansion Theory

It might be easier use a search engine
Search for “BAUT”
Click on “Against the Mainstream”
Click on “Critiques of Presentation of Uniform Expansion Theory”

Thank you for your time and interest.

John M. Kulick



The following is roughly what I will be presenting to the Students.

The Uniform Expansion theory

The Limited Expansion Model – The mainstream model
The current expansion model is a limited expansion model in that the expansion is assumed to stop at the boundary of galaxies. The common example used in most astronomy texts is that of pennies representing galaxies, which are glued on to an expanding balloon. Another common example is that of raisins in expanding dough. Neither the pennies nor raisins expand with the expansion of the medium they are in.

The following links substantiates the assertion that the mainstream model stops the expansion at the boundary of galaxies. In the classroom presentation I will read a quote from John Wheeler, one of the authors of “Gravitation”.
http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives...1542.As.r.html
http://www.universeadventure.org/universe_15.html
http://www.astronomycafe.net/qadir/q2405.html
http://www.astronomycafe.net/qadir/q1950.html
http://www.astronomycafe.net/qadir/q1384.html
http://www.ktca.org/newtons/10/galaxy.html
http://www.as.utexas.edu/~sheila/exp...se_updated.pdf
http://msowww.anu.edu.au/cas/present...y%20Mould.html

There are several reasons or arguments for stopping the expansion at the boundary of galaxies.
1. Galaxies are gravitationally bound. A clump of distributed mass has a tendency to pull together due to gravitational interaction between the masses. Stars in a galaxy are no different and would “fall” to the center, thereby resisting the expansion of spacetime.
2. If one extended the expansion to include galaxies, where does the expansion stop?
3. If Solar systems expanded, the planetary systems would fly apart since the gravitational force would diminish faster than the centrifugal. (Fg ==1/R^2, Fc == 1/R).
4. If Atoms were expanded, electrons would no longer be bound to the nucleus for the same reason that solar systems fly apart.
5. If atoms expanded, than all rulers used to measure the expansion would be expanded. If everything expands the same amount, and all the rulers used to measure the expansion expands the same amount, then everything remains the same and there is no expansion.

No Problem
The above issues are not a problem, as will be shown in the development of the theory, but before delving into the details, there are a few statements about the proposed Uniform Expansion theory that should be made.

The effect of gravity diminishes with the passage of time
It is invalid to say that a true uniform expansion that expands matter results in no change. If objects are uniformly expanding, then the centroidal distances between the objects is increasing. This means that the effect of gravity will diminish with the passage of time. For example, if the Earth were to be expanded to twice its present size, the effect of gravity on the surface would diminish by 1/4. (1/R^2) A prediction of this model is that the effect of gravity diminishes with the passage of time. Two Nobel Prize winners in physics, Paul Dirac and George Gamow, believed the effect of gravity diminishes with the passage of time. Dirac tried to establish a model but was never successful. I have done what he tried to do. (Unless someone proves me wrong).

Stronger Gravity negates Dark matter and Dark Energy
If gravity were stronger in the past and the gravitational relationship between objects is described by when the relationships are formed, then there should be observational evidence of this effect. Orbiting objects should appear to be in a stable orbit even though it presently looks like there is not enough mass to preserve the orbit. The larger the separation in time between objects, the greater the gravitational attraction should be and if one did not know this, the amount of extra unseen or “dark” matter needed to preserve orbiting clusters of galaxies would seem to increase with scale.

Also, if the effect of gravity were stronger in the past, it would take less mass for a Type 1a supernova to reach the Chandrasekhar limiting pressure. Less mass would mean a smaller supernova that would be dimmer. If one did not know this one would assume that the supernova was further away, requiring the existence of some kind of dark energy moving these galaxies further away. (The paper I wish to present to the AAS is the application of the relationships predicted by the Uniform Expansion theory to 1asn’s. It turns out that the expansion rate conforms to a flat and not an accelerating universe).

Uniting Gravity with Electromagnet relationships
One advantage of a uniform expansion theory is that it is a process that can be geometrically applied to all physical properties. It will be shown that with the proper rate of geometric expansion, the inverse square laws are derived as a characteristic of spacetime, thereby uniting the force of gravity with electromagnetic forces under the same causative structure. The principles of conservation of momentum and energy, which are observationally assumed, become geometrically established by a uniform expansion.

Quantum Physics
A uniform expansion theory also creates a physical explanation for Quantum physics. If the expansion of spacetime occurs a small “piece” at a time, then as each infinitesimal piece of spacetime integrates itself upon the existing structure of reality, there will be a probabilistically determined variance or disturbance.

A True Unified Field Theory
Since the relationships of Quantum Physics and the inverse square laws can all be predicted as a result of the same physical process, the uniform expansion theory represents a major step in establishing a Unified Field Theory. A fundamental property of this theory is that all physical relationships are the result of a geometric expansion of spacetime. It is all geometry.

Continued with next post.