There's an interesting interview with Sobel on National Public Radio where she discusses the book and addresses some of your issues:
http://www.sciencefriday.com/pages/2...r2_102706.html
She seemed surprised that her "Creationist" analogies in chapter one were taken so literally. She was a bit bemused that she won an award from a religious group for that chapter.
I didn't get the impression that her discussion on astrology was deadly serious; I think she was just being a bit playful but also drawing on the ancient mythic connotations of astrology to put the story of planetary exploration into its mythical and historical contexts. I mean seriously, would someone who truly believed in the efficacy of astrology draw up a horoscope for a spacecraft?
Oh, and re: Galileo horoscope; she says in the interview that Galileo cast it himself, but she took it to an astrologer to have it interpreted.