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Old 02-June-2004, 10:11 PM
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drhex drhex is offline
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Default Moon primarily orbiting around .. what?

In his review of Austin Powers: The spy who shagged me, The Bad Astronomer points out that the moon is revolving around the Earth rather than rotating around it.

But is it really? From the moon's perspective, the Earth is 400 times closer than the Sun. By the inverse square law, the Earth thus has a factor 400^2 = 160000 of "proximity advantage". The Sun, however is about 300000 times heavier that the Earth. Thus, the Sun's gravitational influence on the Moon is about twice that of Earth's.

Wouldn't it therefore be more correct to say that the Moon is orbiting the Sun?
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Old 02-June-2004, 10:59 PM
Alcoraiden Alcoraiden is offline
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The moon does move around the sun, but the gravitational center around which it revolves is the Earth. So it still orbits Earth, but ends up moving around the sun just because Earth does.
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Old 03-June-2004, 12:40 AM
tracer tracer is offline
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And, actually, the center of the moon's orbit around the Earth isn't quite the center of the Earth.

The Earth and moon orbit each other, centered on a point about 3000 miles (or was it 3000 kilometers?) above the center of the Earth. The center of mass of the Earth-moon system is what orbits the sun.
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Old 03-June-2004, 05:14 AM
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Celestial Mechanic Celestial Mechanic is offline
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drhex's observation is correct, the Sun exerts twice as much force on the Moon as the Earth does. One can say that the Earth and the Moon orbit the Sun and mutually perturb one another in such a way that the distance between the Earth and Moon is bounded. I believe that Andoyer actually developed a theory of the Moon's motion using this idea as the starting point. Someone please correct me if I have misattributed it.

Another interesting consequence is the following: often in astronomy textbooks you will see an illustration of the Earth and Moon's orbits about the Sun in which the Moon's orbit is shown as a wavy curve alternately inside then outside the Earth's orbit. Because of the necessity of exagerating the scale, the Moon's orbit looks as if it is concave to the Sun at the time of new moon, but this is not true. Since the Sun's pull is always stronger than the Earth's, the pull is always in the general direction of the Sun. If you could draw the Moon's orbit to scale, you would not be able to see the difference between an ellipse and an oval with periodically varying curvature.

As Alcoraiden and tracer pointed out, the net effect of the mutual perturbations of the Earth and Moon is that they appear to revolve about a center of mass roughly 3,000 miles or 4,800 km from the Earth's center.

Oddly enough, Geocentrists never seem to take this into account. The Tychonian geocentrists always show the Sun orbiting the Earth directly rather than orbiting the Earth-Moon barycenter. In fact, the Moon and our artificial satellites are the only things that orbit the Earth directly, everything else in the Solar System either orbits a planet or the Sun, everything the the Milky Way orbits the galactic center which then orbits the Sun which then orbits the Earth-Moon barycenter, everything in the Local Cluster, well, you get the idea! The "geocentric" universe isn't very geocentric at all. Geocentricity is a coordinate system and nothing more.
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Old 03-June-2004, 07:22 AM
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milli360 milli360 is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Celestial Mechanic
Geocentricity is a coordinate system and nothing more.
One other thing--a system of physics. You forgot that.
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