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  #31 (permalink)  
Old 20-May-2007, 11:54 AM
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The gravity of Gl 436 b is given in the paper as 'log g= 5.0 dex';

what does that mean in Earth gravities again? (sorry, I have forgotten- must be getting old).
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  #32 (permalink)  
Old 20-May-2007, 12:06 PM
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You have to be careful when talking about 'ice' because any substance which is fluid in normal experience can be called ice when it freezes; water, CO2, ammonia, even oxygen and nitrogen. (frozen nitrogen could be found on Triton, apparently). So 'water ice' is probably the most accurate description of the stuff under Gl 436b's hypothetical ocean.

Last edited by eburacum45; 20-May-2007 at 12:51 PM.
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  #33 (permalink)  
Old 20-May-2007, 12:50 PM
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Using an on-line calculator I find that the gravity is about 1.43 gees, by the way. Not that excessive...
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  #34 (permalink)  
Old 24-May-2007, 09:58 AM
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* Two Jovian planets around the ancient (10 Ga) star HD 155358. It is the most metal-deficient star (20% of Sun's metallicity) known to have planets.
McDonald Observatory news release: Astronomers Discover Multi-Planet System; May Alter Theories of Planet Formation
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Old 28-May-2007, 11:12 PM
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28 New Exoplanets and Four Multi-Planet Systems

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The world's largest and most prolific team of planet hunters announced today (Monday, May 28) the discovery of 28 new planets outside our solar system, increasing to 236 the total number of known exoplanets.
So, the California/Carnegie Team hasn't been idle...
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Old 28-May-2007, 11:16 PM
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Some All of the planets were announced earlier...
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Old 31-May-2007, 11:35 AM
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* XO-3b (not yet announced) resembles HAT-2-b in the sense it has an eccentric orbit (e ~ 0.2) and it is very massive (12 MJ, near the brown dwarf border). Since its host star is metal-poor, it is possible that it is actually a brown dwarf.
Space.com: Oddball Planet Puzzles Astronomers

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A team of amateur and professional astronomers has discovered a mammoth orb more than 13 times the mass of Jupiter that whips around its parent star in fewer than four days and is considered an "oddball" planet among its exoplanet relatives.
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Old 01-June-2007, 07:48 PM
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* TrES survey has found its third planet. TrES-3 is "a nearby, massive, transiting hot Jupiter in a 31-hour orbit". No further information available.
Lowell Observatory: Massive Transiting Planet with 31-hour Year Found Around Distant Star

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Flagstaff, Ariz.– An international team of astronomers with the Trans-atlantic Exoplanet Survey today announce the discovery of their third planet, TrES-3. The new planet was identified by astronomers looking for transiting planets – that is, planets that pass in front of their home star – using a network of small automated telescopes in Arizona, California, and the Canary Islands. TrES-3 was discovered in the constellation Hercules about 10 degrees west of Vega, the brightest star in the summer skies.
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Old 27-June-2007, 11:13 AM
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Steinn Sigurdsson from the Dynamics of Cats blogs is attending on an extrasolar planet conference in Santorini, Greece and has some very interesting reports:

* First true Jupiter analog confirmed
* Strong evidence of planet around a white dwarf
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Old 27-June-2007, 11:16 AM
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One of the big XP questions is how common our freakish system layout is. If it turns out to be as common as one in three, then I'll have to eat serious crow.
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Old 27-June-2007, 04:22 PM
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  #41 (permalink)  
Old 27-June-2007, 04:29 PM
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No doubt, others have already done this, but in case they haven't....

Another how many approach to XPs is the use of mathematical extrapolation of the discovery rate.

Assuming discovery technology only maintains the rate and does not accelerate it - the easy ones, afterall, are limited in supply - then the following XP number is what might be awaiting us...

Code:
Year	Discoveries	Total
1989	1	1
1990	0	1
1991	0	1
1992	3	4
1993	0	4
1994	1	5
1995	1	6
1996	6	12
1997	1	13
1998	7	20
1999	10	30
2000	19	49
2001	12	61
2002	34	95
2003	26	121
2004	29	150
2005	32	182
2006	28	210
2007	50	260
2008	83	343
2009	79	422
2010	91	513
2011	105	618
2012	132	750
2013	147	897
2014	192	1,088
2015	238	1,327
2016	295	1,622
2017	361	1,983
2018	407	2,390
2019	478	2,868
2020	601	3,469
I used 50 for 2007 as a guess based on 31 so far for the year. I don't have the months of discovery for comparison. Are more announcements made earlier than the year. If, however, the latter part of the year is about the same as the first half, then 62 should could be a better number. Using 62 for 2007, then we have...

Code:
Year	Discoveries	Total
1989	1	1
1990	0	1
1991	0	1
1992	3	4
1993	0	4
1994	1	5
1995	1	6
1996	6	12
1997	1	13
1998	7	20
1999	10	30
2000	19	49
2001	12	61
2002	34	95
2003	26	121
2004	29	150
2005	32	182
2006	28	210
2007	62	272
2008	90	362
2009	87	449
2010	102	551
2011	120	670
2012	154	824
2013	175	1,000
2014	233	1,233
2015	296	1,529
2016	372	1,901
2017	459	2,360
2018	517	2,878
2019	631	3,509
2020	806	4,315
Interesting, but I don't intend to suggest it is likely, or unlikely, just interesting.

[Edit: I quickly realized I had an error and this is the corrected extrapolation]

[Added: Shoot!, it is wrong, too. It is stricly linear! Dang. I used linear interpolation (all I found on Quatro Pro).

It is now based on the Growth function. Hopefully, this is more mature.

Source is: http://vo.obspm.fr/exoplanetes/encyclo/catalog-all.php ]
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Last edited by George; 27-June-2007 at 06:25 PM.
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  #42 (permalink)  
Old 27-June-2007, 04:39 PM
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Ooo, now THAT is very interesting. Because as they say, if it really is a Jupiter analogue then it might have rocky planets closer in.
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  #43 (permalink)  
Old 27-June-2007, 05:13 PM
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One of the big XP questions is how common our freakish system layout is. If it turns out to be as common as one in three, then I'll have to eat serious crow.
The difference between reason and dogma is the ability to eat crow.
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  #44 (permalink)  
Old 27-June-2007, 06:28 PM
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Nice. No doubt, crow will be a common exoplanet life form.
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Lighten up! This is a stellar board! Author: duh.

"The Sun, with all the planets revolving around it, and depending on it, can still ripen a bunch of grapes as though it had nothing else in the universe to do..." Author: Galileo supposedly.
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  #45 (permalink)  
Old 28-June-2007, 01:32 AM
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Another how many approach to XPs is the use of mathematical extrapolation of the discovery rate.
I wonder what basis you use when extrapolating the numbers. The increase of discoveries reached 34 in 2002 (the maximum so far) and has leveled since. This year may prove to be the most successful so far, but the predicted flood of transiting planets is yet to come.

PS. Regarding the Jupiter analog, it is told that the Europeans have detected similar candidates that they're going to publish in the coming months.
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  #46 (permalink)  
Old 28-June-2007, 02:33 AM
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I wonder what basis you use when extrapolating the numbers. The increase of discoveries reached 34 in 2002 (the maximum so far) and has leveled since.
Yes, this still holds true, apparently. The current count seems to be 31 so far for 2007. [The ref. link was added to the bottom of my post. Clicking on the "Discovery" year will sort by year for easy counting.]

I took the liberty of assuming about 50 for the total for 2007 (19 more for the second half). This, I hope, is too modest. The second table simply doubles the number for the second half.

Of course, the variables affecting the future count are many, but I assume they will be even more favorable than the simple geometric growth table. Your thread spurred my interest in trying something like this (for grins, mainly).

Quote:
This year may prove to be the most successful so far, but the predicted flood of transiting planets is yet to come.
Care to insert an annual prognostication? If so, I will be happy reshuffle the cards and offer the extrapolation table.
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Lighten up! This is a stellar board! Author: duh.

"The Sun, with all the planets revolving around it, and depending on it, can still ripen a bunch of grapes as though it had nothing else in the universe to do..." Author: Galileo supposedly.
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  #47 (permalink)  
Old 28-June-2007, 05:12 PM
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Care to insert an annual prognostication? If so, I will be happy reshuffle the cards and offer the extrapolation table.
No, I can't make even a remotely reasonable guess.

I don't remember the original numbers but by now there should be over a hundred SuperWASP planets. In reality, there are two of them and maybe a few dozen interesting but yet to be checked candidates.
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  #48 (permalink)  
Old 28-June-2007, 05:18 PM
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Interesting times ahead:

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The Swiss group has 12 new planets, several with long ( > 2000 day) orbital period and apparent low eccentricities.
They are seeing a deficit of planets with 10-100d orbital periods, which is interesting, things are piling up at multi-year periods as the searches go on for long enough to have senstivity out there.
They cautiously extrapolate to ~ 25% of Sun-like stars having planets with Jupiter mass or above and with orbital radii of 3-20 AU. If you extrapolate the curve from the recent data, the percentage could be significantly higher.
There is a hint of a peak in the eccentricity distribution at ~ 300d period (this is my interpretation of the collected data, not theirs) - ie the recent long period planets are trending to lower eccentricties, but this could be selection bias.

They have another low metallicity star, HD171028, with a planet (~ 2 jupiter masses).
Quote:
There are now 13 known Neptune mass planets, with more candidates in the pipeline (30-50 candidates just in the HARPS data set)!
HARPS is now reaching radial velocity measurement of better than 1 m/sec and may reach 0.1 m/sec for the brightest stars.
They are seeing a lot of stellar "jitter" at the m/sec level - some of which is intrinsic, but some of which is actually unresolved signal from multiple or undersampled low mass planets!
That's not all:

Quote:
In addition to the Jupier like planet (did I mention that I like that result...?)
the California-Carnegie-AAT team has several more long period jovians, possibly with low eccentricity orbits.
Quote:
There are more low mass planets around K and M stars, but people are not announcing formally stellar identities until candidates are confirmed.
Barnard's Star is "clean"