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Jean-Paul Marat?

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That was quick!

I was reading Thomas Carlyle's The French Revolution recently and was surprised to learn that Marat was Swiss and that he practised equine medicine before becoming a revolutionary journalist and Ami du peuple.

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I am looking for a famous composer and one of his major works.


The work was considered a symptom of his declining health and deemed unpublishable at the time. It fell into oblivion, from which it was rescued 81 years after the composer's death.

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Curiously, just the other day I was listening to a recording of the original 1873 version of Bruckner's Third Symphony. At 77 minutes long it's 20 minutes longer than the 1877 second version and a whopping 27 minutes longer than the final 1889 version (both of which I also listened to - I prefer the original).

The original version was only published in 1977, 81 years after Bruckner's death - though I was not aware that the original was considered a symptom of declining health, so maybe ...

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Indeed, I am thinking of a different work and composer. Bruckner had his major successes (4th, 7th, 8th, Te Deum) before him when he wrote the 3rd. But nice coincidence with the 81 years .

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About time some hints were given, I guess.

The disease we are talking about was very common then, and is quite rare now, in Western societis. Some called it "the ape among the diseases". Our hero was thus not the only famous comoser to die of it.

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That really narrows it down!

I'll guess Hugo Wolf's unfinished opera Manuel Venegas.

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My guess;

Franz Schubert & his Symphony in E (#7 according to some numbering), sketched in 4 movements 1821, completed by Barnett 1883. No idea when it was published.

From your answers, I guess you have the disease right. I wont't go into detail on this family-friendly board.

Neither is what I am looking for. One point about the work and the man we are discussing here is that - quite different from Schubert - he had enjoyed considerable success before, and therefore the judgement of his time againt the work was all the harsher - and thus, the decision not to publish.

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Robert Schumann. Died 1956, his Violin Conerto in D minor first performed (in its proper context) in 1937. A violinist did perform the concerto to a piano accompaniment in 1853.

Wasn't that obvious?

Congrats, and your turn

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Pressed for time a bit (it takes far longer to come up with a question compared to answering one, oddly enough). So here's a relatively easy one. The info comes from a book.

SJ Gould called it [paraphrasing to google-proof a bit] "a misapplication of science." It was an offshoot when Broca's work didn't have the desired results.

What was it? More importantly, what was it originally designed to do?

Developed in Europe. Collaboration, of a sorts, between a French and German scientist. Developed sometime between the US Civil War and World War I.

IQ testing. Developed by BINET & SIMON, both French, but modified & named IQ by W. STERN a German psychologist in +/-1912, at any rate before World War I. Then modified at Stanford U to the Stanford-Binet method.

Correct. The test was not originally designed to test 'intelligence' but rather a tool to identify those that were falling behind in their studies. I believe Binet himself stated that results below average should not be interpreted as a implying lack of ability. As I understand it, results above average didn't have any explicit meaning, either, at the time of creation. The link to Broca is due to a brief attempt to link skull geometry to the same (identification of those falling behind) but this wasn't too fruitful.

The correct Gould quote was that this test was 'a major misuse of science in America.'

Toejam gets to ask a question!

Born in Europe, fortified Philadelphia & West Point in Revolutionary War, granted US citizenship by Congress, honorary French citizen.

Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben?

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Not von Steuben.

A brigadier-general. Chief engineer of Continental Army.

Tadeusz Kościuszko?

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Yes.

Double points if you can pronounce it correctly.

Your turn Eroica.

Name three Irish-born characters in Shakespeare's plays.

(I believe they are the only Irish figures in the plays. One is a fictional creation of Shakespeare's; one is a historical figure who was born in Ireland; and one is a historical figure who is thought to have been born in Ireland, though there is some doubt about it.)

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Tough, but I'll get my wife, an English and history teacher, to help me with that one.

And I found Capt. MacMorris all by meself (By the way, the page I found him on says he is the only Irish character in the entre canon. But we'll see).


Stay tuned....

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