There are few things in cosmology which one can relably address with an air of certainty. The redshift - distance relationship is one of those few things. Whether or not there is any kind of intrinsic redshift may be a legitimate subject of study, but there are limits. It will be a hard, uphill, and probably losing battle to argue that any but a small fraction of the observed redshift is intrinsic, because of the strong certainty of the redshift - distance relationship in cosmology.
Things that are farther away have a larger redshift, that's what I mean by
redshift - distance relationship. It is a fundamental part of modern cosmology, it is well supported by strong emiprical evidence, and it is firmly accepted by the vast majority of people who have actually studied cosmology. No intrinsic redshift mechanism stands a chance of being accepted, if it contradicts the accepted redshift - distance relationship, unless supported by evidence that is at least as strong, if not stronger.
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Originally Posted by soihope
When these findings become accepted (hard to see how they will not) ...
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Personally, I disagree. I find it hard to believe that the Arpian claims will ever amount to anything more than grist for the discussion board mill. I could be wrong, but naturally, I don't think I am. The claims are weak at best, and involve only a few interesting objects which may or may not turn out to be of fundamental importance. But there is no reliable systematic pattern to be found in those arguments, which would in any way suggest that the accepted redshift - distance relationship is anything other than correct.
The empirical evidence for intrinsic redshifts is soft, and the theoretical models even softer. Somebody on the Arpian side will have to do a lot more work, and show a lot more success before posing a serious threat to standard cosmology.
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Originally Posted by soihope
i.e is there an origin? How long has the universe been here? How big is it? etc etc.
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It is hard enough to give precise answers to these questions, even well within the bounds of standard cosmology. I don't think anyone can reliably predict what effect an Arpian success will have on them.