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Old 07-July-2009, 06:47 PM
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Default Proving the physical reality of string theory

A recent Science paper uses string theory to explain a physical phenomenon, though not in cosmology.

Link to R&D Magazine on-line review

Quote:
String theory has come under fire in recent years. Promises have been made that have not been lived up to. Univ. of Leiden, Germany, theoretical physicists have now for the first time used string theory to describe a physical phenomenon—the quantum-critical state of electrons leading to high-temperature superconductivity. Their discovery has been reported recently in the journal Science.

....

They used the aspect of string theory known as AdS/CFT correspondence. This allows situations in a large relativistic world to be translated into a description at minuscule quantum physics level. This correspondence bridges the gap between these two different worlds. By applying the correspondence to the situation where a black hole vibrates when an electron falls into it, they arrived at the description of electrons that move in and out of a quantum-critical state.
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A central problem in quantum condensed matter physics is the critical theory governing the zero-temperature quantum phase transition between strongly renormalized Fermi-liquids as found in heavy fermion intermetallics and possibly high Tc superconductors. Here, we present results showing that the mathematics of string theory is capable of describing such fermionic quantum critical states. Using the Anti-de-Sitter/Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence to relate fermionic quantum critical fields to a gravitational problem, we compute the spectral functions of fermions in the field theory. By increasing the fermion density away from the relativistic quantum critical point, a state emerges with all the features of the Fermi-liquid.
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Old 07-July-2009, 07:13 PM
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A recent Science paper uses string theory to explain a physical phenomenon, though not in cosmology.

Link to R&D Magazine on-line review



Link to abstract
Here is the Arxiv paper http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/arxiv/pdf/...904.1993v1.pdf
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Old 07-July-2009, 07:42 PM
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Now all they need is a test of a prediction, and string theory wont be a complete waste of time.

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Old 07-July-2009, 10:24 PM
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Now all they need is a test of a prediction, and string theory wont be a complete waste of time.

I take it that you have also had experience with the uncanny accuracy of post-test predictions.
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Old 07-July-2009, 11:22 PM
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Univ. of Leiden, Germany
Wha!? Not exactly a confidence builder on accuracy... they fixed it now though.
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Old 08-July-2009, 12:18 AM
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I take it that you have also had experience with the uncanny accuracy of post-test predictions.
I should be a post doc in post hoc!
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Old 08-July-2009, 04:59 AM
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I should be a post doc in post hoc!
Good one!
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Old 08-July-2009, 11:04 AM
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Woit suggests it is the usual misleading hype. http://www.math.columbia.edu/~woit/wordpress/?p=2172
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Old 08-July-2009, 05:49 PM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Swift View Post
A recent Science paper uses string theory to explain a physical phenomenon, though not in cosmology.

Link to R&D Magazine on-line review



Link to abstract
The Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society has an excellent article from 2007--

on String Theory-- and it is written by one of the theory's proponents:

From superconductors and four-manifolds to weak interactions

The goal of this article is to describe the concept of ``gauge symmetry breaking'' and its applications to superconductors, four-manifold theory, and particle physics.

by Dr. Edward Witten


I'll give a partial list of references:

P. W. Anderson, ``Plasmons, Gauge Invariance, and Mass,'' Phys. Rev. 130 (1962) 439-442

V. Ginzburg and L. Landau, ``On the Theory of Superconductivity,'' JETP 20 (1950) 1064-1082.


LEP Electroweak Working Group, http://lepewwg.web.cern.ch/LEPEWWG/.

A. Salam and J. Ward, ``Electromagnetic and Weak Interactions,'' Phys. Lett. 13 (1964) 168-171


I don't pretend to understand it--but I will admit that as "fragmented" and incomprehensible (to some) String and M-theory appears...it seems to be making some headway (apparently)
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Old 09-July-2009, 12:36 AM
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It looks like they are making a prediction for what happens when an electron falls into a black hole. But can that be currently tested? My guess would be no, because black holes are seen from radiation emanating off a massive accretion disk around it. I don't see how the one electron prediction could be tested with this because isn't this more like a blackbody radiation?
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Old 09-July-2009, 04:03 AM
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I looked at the first 2 or 3 pages--can get a gist but don't know the meanings of many symbols (They throw around G, A, etc. with little explanation, must be some standard notation in the theory--they appear to be tensor fields, but that's about all I can guess). It looks as if (and I'm not certain of course) the paper doesn't really predict any observed phenomena, but shows evidence that string-theory computations have (in the words of the paper) the "capacity" to do so (in Fermionic statictics, where path integration that works for Bosonic statitistics has failed). In other words, I don't see a claim (which I'd expect in the abstract and the first section if it was actually done) that a testable prediction has actually been made.

They do mention a N-R black hole (some names starting with N and R, I forgot what they are), which I assume to be some model of a black hole (a string-theoretic model? or a more classical Einsteinian/Penrose/Hawking kind of model--i.e. one I'd have more confidence in?)
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Old 09-July-2009, 11:10 AM
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I happened to print "out" the article-- and I find it to be thick and incomprehensible, as well. I can (only hope) the authors are not attempting to pull the "wool" in front everyone's eyes. --but there are too many talented mathematicians and theoretical physicists who "should" be able to discern whether article is of merit or not. We should know shortly...by their pronouncements.
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Old 09-July-2009, 04:30 PM
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Talking prediction?

If all the papers written on string theory were to cross the event horizon of a black hole, and then it evaporates from Hawking radiation, would that decrease the confusion in information theory? pete
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Old 09-July-2009, 06:33 PM
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If all the papers written on string theory were to cross the event horizon of a black hole, and then it evaporates from Hawking radiation, would that decrease the confusion in information theory? pete

As you obviously know--as is often the case where there is a pressure to publish or perish...some will publish anything (even if incomprehensible). Is it possible to set aside some doubt that there may be a handful (maybe more?) of theoreticians who truly mean well? ( Where would science be without the likes of Drs. Einstein, Pauli, Dirac, Schrodinger, Heisenberg, Feynman, Schwinger, Tomanga, Weinberg, Nash?) And even the new crowd of theoreticians: Witten, Taubes, Atiyah, -- (just to name a few)...

As I have tried to intimate in my own style (at times): why throw out the baby with the bath water-- even if one does not like children--per se?
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Old 09-July-2009, 07:40 PM
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As you obviously know--as is often the case where there is a pressure to publish or perish...some will publish anything (even if incomprehensible). Is it possible to set aside some doubt that there may be a handful (maybe more?) of theoreticians who truly mean well? ( Where would science be without the likes of Drs. Einstein, Pauli, Dirac, Schrodinger, Heisenberg, Feynman, Schwinger, Tomanga, Weinberg, Nash?) And even the new crowd of theoreticians: Witten, Taubes, Atiyah, -- (just to name a few)...

As I have tried to intimate in my own style (at times): why throw out the baby with the bath water-- even if one does not like children--per se?
Atiyah is one hell of a mathematician, but he is hardly new. He was 80 in April.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Atiyah
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Old 09-July-2009, 08:11 PM
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Atiyah is one hell of a mathematician, but he is hardly new. He was 80 in April.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Atiyah
I only heard of him of him after seeing his lecture from the AMS catalog: The Mysteries of Space

A 60 minute lecture aimed for the general scientific audience

ISBN 978-0-8218-4391-8

Granted that the DVD is a 1992 lecture--but it is "somewhat" timely--just the same.
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Old 09-July-2009, 11:29 PM
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I only heard of him of him after seeing his lecture from the AMS catalog: The Mysteries of Space

A 60 minute lecture aimed for the general scientific audience

ISBN 978-0-8218-4391-8

Granted that the DVD is a 1992 lecture--but it is "somewhat" timely--just the same.
You might try "googling" the Atiyah-Singer Index theorem, or the Atiyah-Hirzebruch theorem.

Atiyah has been a well-know and powerful mathematician since the 1950's.

He is a winner of both the Fields Medal and the Abel Prize, either one of which is similar in stature for mathematicians to the Nobel Prize in the sciences.
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Old 10-July-2009, 04:06 AM
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They do mention a N-R black hole (some names starting with N and R, I forgot what they are), which I assume to be some model of a black hole (a string-theoretic model? or a more classical Einsteinian/Penrose/Hawking kind of model--i.e. one I'd have more confidence in?)
That's a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. Which is specifically a non-rotating, charged black hole. It comes from the more classical GR, so you might have more confidence in it. Although, since most black holes are thought to be rotating, the Kerr Black Hole (rotating, charged) is more likely the model.
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